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MOTS-c: The Revolutionary Mitochondrial-Derived Peptide Redefining Metabolic Research

eupeptidelap.co.uk is proud to present MOTS-c 10mg, a premium research-grade mitochondrial-derived peptide manufactured to the highest analytical standards. As a trusted peptide vendor uk and leading EU peptide supplier, we provide researchers across Europe with MOTS-c for sale that delivers exceptional purity, consistency, and documented quality for advanced studies in metabolic regulation, mitochondrial function, and aging research .

MOTS-c (Mitochondrial ORF of the Twelve S rRNA-c) is a 16-amino acid bioactive peptide encoded by a short open reading frame (sORF) within the mitochondrial 12S rRNA region, representing a groundbreaking discovery in mitochondrial biology . Unlike most proteins encoded by nuclear genes, MOTS-c is produced within mitochondria and acts as a mitochondrial-derived signaling peptide (MDSP), establishing a direct communication link between mitochondrial function and systemic metabolic regulation . This peptide has been shown in extensive preclinical research to regulate metabolic homeostasis, stress responses, and cell survival—potentially influencing how cells age and adapt to metabolic stress .

The molecular weight of MOTS-c is approximately 2174.6 g/mol, with the amino acid sequence H-Met-Arg-Trp-Gln-Glu-Met-Gly-Tyr-Ile-Phe-Tyr-Pro-Arg-Lys-Leu-Arg-OH . Multiple peptide sequence alignment across 14 species demonstrates that MOTS-c is highly conserved, especially the first 11 residues, with four residues undergoing positive selection and two undergoing purifying selection, indicating evolutionary pressure to maintain its function .

MOTS-c has captured the attention of the scientific community for its remarkable effects on metabolic health. Its primary target organ appears to be skeletal muscle, and its cellular actions inhibit the folate cycle and its tethered de novo purine biosynthesis, leading to AMPK activation . MOTS-c treatment in mice prevents age-dependent and high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance, as well as diet-induced obesity .

For researchers seeking to buy peptide online EU for investigations into metabolic disorders, insulin resistance, aging mechanisms, or mitochondrial function, eupeptidelap.co.uk offers this premium research compound with comprehensive documentation, including Certificates of Analysis and batch-specific purity data. Whether your laboratory is based in London, Berlin, Paris, or anywhere in the European Union, our guaranteed 48 hour delivery peptide service ensures your research continues without interruption.

The Scientific Foundation of MOTS-c Research

Discovery and Mitochondrial Origin

The identification of MOTS-c emerged from an in silico search for potential short open reading frames (sORFs) within the human 12S rRNA region, revealing one consisting of 51 base pairs with a strong Kozak sequence that translates into a 16 amino acid peptide . MOTS-c peptide translation obligatorily occurs in the cytoplasm using the standard genetic code because mitochondrial translation, using the mitochondria-specific genetic code, yields tandem start and stop codons .

The mitochondrial origin of MOTS-c has been rigorously confirmed through multiple experimental approaches. Selective depletion of mitochondrial DNA in HeLa cells (HeLa-ρ0) eliminates both 12S rRNA and MOTS-c transcripts, while mitochondrial RNA depletion using actinonin results in time-dependent loss of MOTS-c expression . MOTS-c is detected in various tissues in mice and rats, as well as in circulation in human and rodent plasma . Notably, fasting lowers endogenous expression of MOTS-c in metabolically active and mitochondria-rich tissues (skeletal muscle and testes) while homeostatic tissues (such as brain and heart) show sustained levels .

Mechanism of Action: AMPK Activation and Nuclear Translocation

MOTS-c works by modulating several key pathways crucial for cellular energy balance and stress resilience :

AMPK Pathway Activation: MOTS-c enhances AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity, which promotes glucose uptake, fatty acid oxidation, and mitochondrial biogenesis . Its cellular actions inhibit the folate cycle and its tethered de novo purine biosynthesis, leading to endogenous accumulation of 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (AICAR)—a well-known AMPK activator .

Nuclear Translocation: Under conditions of metabolic stress, MOTS-c translocates from the mitochondria to the nucleus, where it modulates adaptive gene expression . This translocation allows MOTS-c to regulate levels of enzymes essential for energy homeostasis.

Insulin Signaling Modulation: MOTS-c improves insulin sensitivity by increasing glucose uptake in skeletal muscle in response to insulin . This enhanced insulin sensitivity translates into better glucose control and energy utilization, making MOTS-c particularly relevant for metabolic research.

Regulation of Oxidative Stress: MOTS-c helps buffer the intracellular environment against oxidative damage—a contributor to both aging and tissue degeneration . Studies have shown that mitochondrial-derived peptides, including MOTS-c, can mitigate oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in models of neurodegenerative diseases .

Gene Expression Regulation: Microarray analyses performed on HEK293 cells treated with MOTS-c for 4 and 72 hours indicated that MOTS-c is a biologically active peptide with marked effects on expression of genes associated with cellular metabolism and inflammation .

Key Research Applications

Metabolic Syndrome and Insulin Resistance Research: MOTS-c has been extensively studied for its effects on glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity. In diet-induced obese (DIO) mice, MOTS-c treatment prevented age-dependent and high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance, as well as diet-induced obesity . Observational studies have shown that circulating MOTS-c levels decline with age, which is associated with increased risk of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes .

Obesity and Weight Management Research: In a landmark study, mice that received daily MOTS-c injections alongside a high-fat diet exhibited a significant decrease in body weight compared to controls . Notably, there was no significant weight reduction observed in mice receiving MOTS-c with a regular diet, indicating that MOTS-c may have implications for weight management particularly in the context of high-fat diets .

Sarcopenia and Muscle Health Research: Mitochondrial dysfunction is well-established in sarcopenia—the progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and function with advancing age . MOTS-c, as a mitochondria-derived peptide, targets several underlying causes of sarcopenia including impaired glucose uptake in muscle, poor mitochondrial energy production, deficient muscle regeneration, and increased oxidative stress . In older adults, higher MOTS-c blood levels correlate with better muscle function, strength, and reduced frailty indices .

Cardiovascular Disease Research: Recent studies suggest that mitochondrial-derived peptides offer therapeutic benefits in various diseases, including cardiovascular disorders, due to their ability to increase cellular resilience . MOTS-c has emerged as an important regulator of mitochondrial health, showing protective effects against atherosclerosis and heart failure by restoring mitochondrial function, reducing oxidative damage, and alleviating inflammation .

Neurodegenerative Disease Research: Mitochondrial-derived peptides, including MOTS-c, have emerged as promising therapeutic candidates for neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and Huntington’s disease (HD) . Research highlights their role in mitigating disease-specific pathologies such as amyloid-beta toxicity in AD, dopaminergic neuron loss in PD, and mutant huntingtin aggregation in HD while also attenuating oxidative stress and neuroinflammation .

Postmenopausal Metabolic Changes: A study investigating the effects of MOTS-c treatment on metabolic changes in mice that underwent ovariectomy found that MOTS-c treatment prevented the development of obesity and insulin resistance . The treatment was also associated with the activation of brown fat, reduced adiposity, and lowered inflammation, ultimately resulting in decreased levels of fatty acids in the blood and liver .

Exercise Performance Research: MOTS-c is recognized as an exercise-induced mitochondrial-encoded regulator of age-dependent physical decline and muscle homeostasis . In a study of breast cancer survivors, a 16-week aerobic and resistance exercise intervention significantly increased MOTS-c levels among non-Hispanic White participants, and post-exercise levels of MOTS-c were significantly associated with reductions in fat mass, body weight, HOMA-IR, CRP, and an increase in lean mass .

Quality Assurance: Setting the Standard for Research Compounds

Manufacturing Excellence

eupeptidelap.co.uk sources MOTS-c 10mg from certified GMP facilities with rigorous quality control protocols:

HPLC Purity Analysis: ≥99% purity verified by high-performance liquid chromatography, with some batches achieving 99.1% purity
Mass Spectrometry Verification: Molecular weight confirmation (2174.6 g/mol) via LC-HRMS
Batch-Specific Certificates of Analysis: Complete documentation for each production run
Third-Party Lab Testing: Independent verification of purity and potency
Research-Use Only (RUO) Labeling: Full compliance with research compound regulations

Chemical and Product Specifications

Specification	Detail
Product Name	MOTS-c (Mitochondrial ORF of the 12S rRNA-c)
Amino Acid Sequence	H-Met-Arg-Trp-Gln-Glu-Met-Gly-Tyr-Ile-Phe-Tyr-Pro-Arg-Lys-Leu-Arg-OH
Molecular Formula	C₁₀₁H₁₅₂N₂₈O₂₂S₂
Molecular Weight	2174.6 g/mol
CAS Number	Not assigned
Purity	≥99% (HPLC verified)
Appearance	White to off-white lyophilized powder
Form	Lyophilized powder
Solubility	Soluble in sterile water, PBS, or appropriate buffer
Storage (Lyophilized)	-20°C; protect from light and moisture
Storage (Reconstituted)	2-8°C for short-term; aliquot and store at -20°C for longer storage
Shipping	Ambient temperature with protective packaging
Intended Use	Research and laboratory use only
Documentation	Certificate of Analysis provided with each batch

Stability and Handling Guidelines

Lyophilized Powder Storage: Store lyophilized MOTS-c powder at -20°C in a dry, dark environment, protected from light and moisture . Under proper storage conditions, the powder maintains stability for up to 24 months from the date of manufacture.

Reconstitution Protocol:

Allow vial and solvent to reach ambient temperature before opening to prevent condensation
Reconstitute using sterile bacteriostatic water or appropriate buffer according to research protocol
Inject solvent slowly down the inside wall of the vial to minimize foaming
Gently swirl or roll the vial until fully dissolved—do not shake vigorously
Label the vial with the date of reconstitution
Refrigerate immediately at 2-8°C

Reconstituted Solution Storage: Store reconstituted MOTS-c at 2-8°C for short-term use. For longer-term storage, aliquot into single-use portions and freeze at -20°C. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles as this can degrade the peptide.

Protection from Light and Moisture:

Store in original packaging protected from light
Keep vials tightly sealed when not in use
Allow refrigerated vials to reach room temperature before opening to prevent condensation

Key Benefits

Premium Quality Manufacturing: GMP-certified production, ≥99% HPLC-verified purity
Mitochondrial-Derived Signaling Peptide: Direct link between mitochondrial function and systemic metabolic regulation
AMPK Activation: Enhances AMPK activity, promoting glucose uptake, fatty acid oxidation, and mitochondrial biogenesis
Nuclear Translocation: Responds to metabolic stress by translocating to nucleus to modulate gene expression
Insulin Sensitivity Research: Improves insulin sensitivity and prevents age-dependent and diet-induced insulin resistance
Obesity Research: Prevents diet-induced obesity in high-fat diet models
Sarcopenia Studies: Correlates with better muscle function, strength, and reduced frailty in older adults
Cardiovascular Research: Protects against atherosclerosis and heart failure by reducing oxidative damage and inflammation
Neurodegenerative Disease Research: Mitigates amyloid-beta toxicity, dopaminergic neuron loss, and mutant huntingtin aggregation
Anti-Inflammatory Effects: Reduces inflammation and CRP levels in clinical studies
Exercise Performance Research: Induced by exercise; regulates age-dependent physical decline
Postmenopausal Metabolic Research: Prevents obesity and insulin resistance in ovariectomy models
Metabolic Profiling: Well-characterized effects on purine metabolism, acylcarnitine metabolism, and methionine cycle
Well-Conserved Peptide: Highly conserved across species, indicating essential biological function
Comprehensive Documentation: Certificates of Analysis with batch-specific purity data
48-Hour EU & UK Delivery: Rapid shipping to research facilities across Europe
Batch Consistency: Rigorous quality control ensures lot-to-lot reproducibility
EU Sourced: Available from within the European Union

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: What is MOTS-c and where does it come from?

A: MOTS-c (Mitochondrial ORF of the Twelve S rRNA-c) is a 16-amino acid bioactive peptide encoded by a short open reading frame (sORF) within the mitochondrial 12S rRNA region . It is produced within mitochondria and acts as a mitochondrial-derived signaling peptide (MDSP), establishing direct communication between mitochondrial function and systemic metabolic regulation .

Q: What purity level can I expect when I buy MOTS-c from eupeptidelap.co.uk?

A: All MOTS-c 10mg from eupeptidelap.co.uk is tested to ≥99% purity by HPLC . Each batch is individually analyzed, and Certificates of Analysis are provided with every order, ensuring you receive material suitable for rigorous research applications.

Q: What is the mechanism of action of MOTS-c?

A: MOTS-c enhances AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity, which promotes glucose uptake, fatty acid oxidation, and mitochondrial biogenesis . Its cellular actions inhibit the folate cycle and its tethered de novo purine biosynthesis, leading to endogenous accumulation of AICAR—a well-known AMPK activator . Under metabolic stress, MOTS-c translocates to the nucleus to modulate adaptive gene expression .

Q: What research areas commonly use MOTS-c?

A: MOTS-c is widely used in metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance research , obesity and weight management studies , sarcopenia and muscle health research , cardiovascular disease research , neurodegenerative disease research , postmenopausal metabolic studies , and exercise performance research .

Q: How should I store MOTS-c for long-term stability?

A: Store lyophilized MOTS-c powder at -20°C, protected from light and moisture . After reconstitution, store at 2-8°C for short-term use. For longer-term storage, aliquot into single-use portions and freeze at -20°C. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles as this can degrade the peptide.

Q: Does MOTS-c have applications in neurodegenerative disease research?

A: Yes. A 2025 review published in Molecular Neurobiology highlights that mitochondrial-derived peptides, including MOTS-c, have emerged as promising therapeutic candidates for neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and Huntington’s disease . Research demonstrates their role in mitigating disease-specific pathologies while attenuating oxidative stress and neuroinflammation .

Q: What is the relationship between MOTS-c and exercise?

A: MOTS-c is an exercise-induced mitochondrial-encoded regulator of age-dependent physical decline and muscle homeostasis . A study in breast cancer survivors found that a 16-week aerobic and resistance exercise intervention significantly increased MOTS-c levels, with post-exercise levels associated with reductions in fat mass, body weight, HOMA-IR, CRP, and an increase in lean mass .

Q: Do you ship MOTS-c to EU countries?

A: Yes. As a dedicated EU peptide supplier, we ship MOTS-c 10mg to all European Union member states with our guaranteed 48 hour delivery peptide service. Our EU fulfilment centre ensures rapid delivery without customs delays. All shipments use protective packaging to maintain compound integrity during transit.

Q: What documentation do you provide with MOTS-c orders?

A: Every order includes a Certificate of Analysis (COA) with batch-specific purity data . Additional documentation, including HPLC chromatograms and mass spectrometry data, is available upon request for researchers requiring comprehensive analytical verification.

Q: What is the molecular weight and sequence of MOTS-c?

A: MOTS-c has a molecular weight of 2174.6 g/mol and the amino acid sequence H-Met-Arg-Trp-Gln-Glu-Met-Gly-Tyr-Ile-Phe-Tyr-Pro-Arg-Lys-Leu-Arg-OH . Its molecular formula is C₁₀₁H₁₅₂N₂₈O₂₂S₂ .

Q: Does MOTS-c have effects on cardiovascular health?

A: Yes. A 2025 review published in Molecular Medicine Reports indicates that MOTS-c has emerged as an important regulator of mitochondrial health, showing protective effects against atherosclerosis and heart failure by restoring mitochondrial function, reducing oxidative damage, and alleviating inflammation .

Q: How does MOTS-c relate to aging research?

A: MOTS-c levels decline with age, correlating with increased susceptibility to metabolic syndrome and sarcopenia . In mice, systemic injection of MOTS-c reversed age-dependent muscle insulin resistance, and MOTS-c treatment prevented age-dependent insulin resistance . Observational studies have shown that circulating MOTS-c levels decline with age, which is associated with increased risk of age-related diseases .

Q: Do you offer bulk quantities of MOTS-c for institutional research?

A: Yes. We accommodate bulk orders for research institutions. Contact our team at sales@eupeptidelap.co.uk for volume pricing, custom requirements, and supply agreements for ongoing research programs.

Advance Your Research with MOTS-c 10mg

eupeptidelap.co.uk is your trusted source for MOTS-c 10mg, the premium choice for researchers investigating mitochondrial signaling, metabolic regulation, insulin resistance, and aging mechanisms. As a mitochondrial-derived peptide that directly links mitochondrial function to systemic metabolic homeostasis, MOTS-c represents a revolutionary tool for exploring the complex interplay between cellular energetics and whole-body metabolism .

With over a decade of research since its discovery in 2015, MOTS-c has emerged as one of the most extensively studied mitochondrial-derived peptides, with applications spanning metabolic disorders, cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative conditions, and aging research. ...........................................

Whether you are exploring insulin sensitivity pathways, designing obesity studies, investigating cardiovascular protection, or researching age-related muscle decline, our rigorously tested compound provides the quality and consistency your work demands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Order today and experience the eupeptidelap.co.uk difference – premium quality, rapid 48-hour delivery across the EU and UK, and expert support for the European research community.

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